Understanding Eye Pressure: Why It Matters for Your Vision

Eye pressure, also called intraocular pressure (IOP), is how much fluid pressure is inside your eye. It might sound simple, but this pressure plays a big role in your eye health. When the pressure is too high or sometimes too low, it can cause problems — such as damage to your optic nerve, which may lead to vision loss if ignored.

Most people aren’t aware of their eye pressure until it’s checked during an eye exam, which is why regular visits to your eye doctor are important. They use a test called tonometry to measure your eye pressure quickly and painlessly.

What Causes Changes in Eye Pressure?

Various factors can make your eye pressure rise or fall. High eye pressure can happen if the fluid inside your eye, called aqueous humor, builds up because it doesn’t drain properly. Conditions like glaucoma are linked to this increased pressure. On the other hand, low eye pressure might occur after eye injury or surgery and can cause discomfort or vision issues.

Other causes include medications (like steroids), age, genetics, and certain health conditions such as diabetes or eye inflammation. Even how much caffeine you drink or how you position your head during sleep can affect eye pressure a bit during the day.

How to Keep Your Eye Pressure in Check

The best way to protect your eyesight is by keeping your eye pressure within a healthy range. Following your doctor’s advice is key, especially if you have glaucoma or are at risk. Some common tools are eye drops that help reduce fluid buildup, lifestyle changes like regular exercise, and avoiding smoking.

Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables supports eye health, too. Simple habits like not rubbing your eyes hard and wearing sunglasses outside can help prevent eye damage. If you ever notice symptoms like blurred vision, eye pain, or sudden vision loss, get to a doctor immediately—it could be related to eye pressure problems.

In case you have family members with glaucoma or other eye diseases, mention that to your eye doctor. Regular checkups can catch issues early before they cause permanent damage.

Eye pressure isn't just a medical term—it's a key part of keeping your vision crisp and your eyes healthy. With routine care, awareness, and timely treatment, you can keep your sight safe for years to come.